Peer-Reviewed Publications
Cho, S.J., Brown-Schmidt, S., Clough, S., & Duff, M.C. (in press). Comparing functional trend and learning among groups in intensive binary longitudinal eye-tracking. Psychometrika.
Evans, M.J., Clough, S., Duff, M.C., & Brown-Schmidt, S. (in press). Temporal Organization of Narrative Recall is Present but Attenuated in Adults with Hippocampal Amnesia. Cortex.
Romero, D.J., Feller, J., Clough, S., Jacobson, G., Roberts, R.A., Duff, M.C. (2023). Self-report symptoms of vertigo and imbalance are prevalent among adults with chronic moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: A preliminary analysis. American Journal of Audiology. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00100
Clough, S., Tanguay, A.F.N., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., & Duff, M.C. (2023). How do individuals with and without traumatic brain injury interpret emoji? Similarities and differences in perceived valence, arousal, and emotion representation. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-023-00433-w
Clough, S., Padilla, V., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M.C. (2023). Intact speech-gesture integration in narrative recall by adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia, 189, 108665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108665
Clough, S., Morrow, E., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., Duff, M. (2023). Emotion recognition of faces and emoji in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 1-15.
McCurdy, R., Clough, S., Edwards, M., Duff, M. (2022). What is the lesion method? How single cases advance our understanding of the brain. Frontiers for Young Minds. 10:869030. doi: 10.3389/frym.2022.869030.
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (2022). Evidence of Audience Design in Amnesia: Adaptation in Gesture but Not Speech. Brain Sciences, 12(8), 1082. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12081082
Duff, M. C., Morrow, E. L., Edwards, M., McCurdy, R., Clough, S., Patel, N., Walsh, K., & Covington, N. V. (2022). The Value of Patient Registries to Advance Basic and Translational Research in the Area of Traumatic Brain Injury. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 16(April), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.846919 (PDF)
Gordon, J. K. & Clough, S. (2022). How do clinicians judge fluency in aphasia? Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research,1-22. https://doi.org/10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00484 (PDF)
Stark, B. C., Clough, S., & Duff, M. C. (2021). Suggestions for improving the investigation of gesture in aphasia. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64, 4004-4013. https://doi.org/10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00125 (PDF)
Clough, S., & Duff, M. C. (2020). The role of gesture in communication and cognition: Implications for understanding and treating neurogenic communication disorders. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00323 (PDF)
Gordon, J. K. & Clough, S. (2020). How fluent? Part B. Underlying contributors to continuous measures of fluency in aphasia. Aphasiology. 34, 643-663. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2020.1712586 (PDF)
Clough, S. & Gordon, J. K. (2020). Fluent or nonfluent? Part A: Underlying contributors to categorical classifications of fluency in aphasia. Aphasiology, 34, 515-539. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2020.1727709 (PDF)
Clough, S. & Hilverman, C. (2018). Hand gestures and how they help children learn. Frontiers for Young Minds, 6(29). https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2018.00029 (PDF)
Hilverman, C., Clough, S., Duff, M. C., & Cook, S. W. (2018). Patients with hippocampal amnesia successfully integrate gesture and speech. Neuropsychologia, 117, 332-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.06.012 (PDF)
Manuscripts Under Review
Gordan, J.K. & Clough, S. (under review). The Flu-ID: A new evidence-based method of assessing fluency in aphasia. Manuscript submitted (American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology).
Feller, J.J., Duff, M., Clough, S., Jacobson, G., Roberts, R.A., Romero, D.J. (under review). Evidence of peripheral vestibular impairment among adults with chronic moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Manuscript submitted (American Journal of Audiology).
Tanguay, A., Thériault, K., Clough, S., Taler, V., Renoult, L., & Davidson, P. (2024, March 7). The Properties of Personal Semantics. Retrieved from osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/3d8m7
Clough, S., Brown-Schmidt, S., Cho, S., & Duff, M.C. (in revision). Reduced On-line Speech Gesture Integration during Multimodal Language Processing in Adults with Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from Eye-Tracking.Manuscript submitted (Cortex).
Education
Vanderbilt University, PhD program, Hearing and Speech Sciences (August 2019 to 2023)
University of Iowa, MA, Speech-Language Pathology (2015 – 2018)
St. Ambrose University, BS, Behavioral Neuroscience, BA, Spanish (2011 – 2015)
Professional Certification
Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology, ASHA (2019 to present)
Certificate in College Teaching, Vanderbilt University (2021)
Online Teaching Specialization, Vanderbilt University (2021)
ASPIRE Data Science Essentials, Vanderbilt University (2021 – 2022)
Research Experience
Postdoctoral Researchers (2023 to present):
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Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
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PI: Aslı Özyürek, PhD
Graduate Research Assistant (2019 to 2023):
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Communication and Memory Laboratory; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
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PI: Melissa Duff, PhD
Graduate Research Assistant (2017 – 2019):
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Aphasia and Aging laboratory; University of Iowa
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PI: Jean K. Gordon, PhD
Graduate Research Assistant (2016):
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Grammar Acquisition Laboratory; University of Iowa
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PI: Amanda Owen Van Horne, PhD
Graduate Research Assistant (2015 – 2016):
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Communication and Memory Laboratory; University of Iowa
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PI: Melissa Duff, PhD
Clinical Employment and Training
Millennium Therapy, Burlington, IA, Clinical Fellow (2018 – 2019)
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, Graduate Student Extern (2018)
Brooks Rehabilitation Hospital, Jacksonville, FL, Graduate Student Extern (2018)
Wendell Johnson Speech and Hearing Clinic, University of Iowa (2016 – 2017)
Awards and Honors
NIDCD ASHA Pathways Program Scholar, 2023
2nd Place Poster at Vanderbilt Hearing and Speech Sciences Departmental Poster Fair, 2023
Vanderbilt Graduate Student Travel Grant, 2023
ASHA Convention Meritorious Poster Submission, 2022
Kavli Summer Institute in Cognitive Neuroscience Fellowship, 2022
Council of Academic Programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CAPCSD) Ph.D. Scholarship, 2022
Vanderbilt University Russell G. Hamilton Graduate Leadership Institute Professional Development and Training Grant, 2021
ASHFoundation New Century Scholars Doctoral Scholarship, 2021
Eleanor M. Saffran Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Student Scholar Award, 2021
ASHFoundation Graduate Student Scholarship, 2020
Sertoma Communication Disorders Scholarship, 2020
Vanderbilt University Graduate School Fellowship, 2019 – 2022
NIDCD Academy of Aphasia Young Investigator Travel Fellowship, 2018
Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders and Sciences (ANCDS) Student Fellowship, 2017
Students Preparing for Academic Research Careers (SPARC) Award, American Speech-Language-Hearing Foundation, 2017
Carol L. & Gerald L. Nordquist Speech-Language Pathology Scholarship, University of Iowa, 2017
Iowa Scottish Rite Masonic Foundation Scholarship, 2017
Iowa Speech-Language-Hearing Foundation Neil VerHoef Scholarship, 2017
Excellence in Psychological Service Award, St. Ambrose University, 2015
Second Place Empirical Research Presentation, River Bend Psychological Association Student Research Conference, 2014
Funded Grants
F31 NIH DC020388 Multimodal communication and cognition: The role of gesture in language processing and word learning in individuals with traumatic brain injury (Principal Investigator, $92,577), 2021
Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical & Translational Research (Principal Investigator, $12,000), 2020
St. Ambrose Honors Student Research Grant ($175), 2015
Presentations
Invited
Clough, S., (May 2023). Multimodal communication in adults with acquired brain injury: Advancing theory and communicative outcomes. University of Iowa CSD Proseminar, Iowa City, IA.
Clough, S., (October 2021). Co-speech gesture integration in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury.Cognitive Science of Learning and Development Research Forum, Vanderbilt University.
Clough, S., (December 2020). Co-speech gesture from a multiple memory systems perspective. Department of Psycholinguistics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
International
Clough, S., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M.C. (October 2023). Multimodal language processing adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at Society for the Neurobiology of Language, Marseille, France.
Clough, S., Duff, M.C., & Brown-Schmidt, S. (September 2023). Using gesture to resolve referential ambiguity during online language processing: Differential effects of masking and noise. Poster presented at Gesture and Speech in Interaction (GeSpIn), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Evans, M.J., Clough, S., Duff, M.C., & Brown-Schmidt, S. (August 2023). Temporal Contiguity for narrative recall in clinical populations with memory impairment. Poster presented at Society for Applied Research in Memory and Cognition (SARMAC), Nagoya, Japan.
Clough, S., Evans, M., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (March 2023). Reduced temporal contiguity of narrative recall in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the IBIA 14th Biennial World Congress on Brain Injury, Dublin, Ireland.
Kekes-Szabo, S., Clough, S., & Duff, M.C. (March 2023). Memory and psychosocial reintegration in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the IBIA 14th Biennial World Congress on Brain Injury, Dublin, Ireland.
Tanguay, A.F.N., Padilla, V., Clough, S., Melega, G., Renoult, L., & Duff, M.C. (March 2023). Semantic future thinking in adults with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the IBIA 14th Biennial World Congress on Brain Injury, Dublin, Ireland.
Duff, M.C., Morrow, E., Edwards, M., McCurdy, R., Clough, S., Patel, N., Walsh, K., & Covington, N.V. (March 2023). Developing and sustaining a brain injury patient registry for conducting large-scale basic and translational research. Poster presented at the IBIA 14th Biennial World Congress on Brain Injury, Dublin, Ireland.
Clough, S., Brown-Schmidt, S., Padilla, V. G., & Duff, M. C. (July 2022). Co-speech gesture integration in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the International Society for Gesture Studies Conference, Chicago, IL.
Clough, S., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (January 2022). Co-speech gesture integration in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Paper presented at the International Cognitive-Communications Disorders Conference, Orange, CA.
Clough, S. & Gordon, J. K. (October 2018). Understanding fluency in aphasia. Poster presented at the Academy of Aphasia, Montreal, Canada.
National
Clough, S., Morrow, E., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., & Duff, M. C. (November 2022). Using bag-of-words and hierarchical clustering to explore differences in emoji perception after traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, New Orleans, LA.
Clough, S., Tanguay, A., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., & Duff, M. C. (November 2021). Perception of emoji after traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Washington DC.
Clough, S., & Duff, M. C. (November 2021) The utility of gesture for communication and cognition: Considerations for speech and language researchers. Technical Research Talk presented at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Washington DC.
Morrow, E.L., Clough, S., & Duff, M.C. (November 2021). Coping with COVID-19: pandemic research in individuals with chronic traumatic brain injury. Oral Presentation at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Washington DC.
Clough, S., Morrow, E., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., & Duff, M. C. (September 2021). Emoji affect recognition in individuals with traumatic brain injury. Poster presented at the Eleanor M. Saffran Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience & Rehabilitation of Communication Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia PA.
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (May 2021). Less talk, more action: Visibility increases gesture use in collaborative Lego build task. Poster presented at the Clinical Aphasiology Conference, [virtual].
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (November 2020). Audience design in hippocampal amnesia: Insights from procedural discourse analysis. Proposal accepted at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, San Diego CA. [Convention canceled]
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (October 2020). Barriers to communication: Effect of visibility on communication modality and efficiency. Poster presentated at the Society for the Neurobiology of Language, Philadelphia, PA.
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., & Duff, M. C. (January 2020). The role of the hippocampus in perspective-taking: Implications for cognitive-communication disorders. Paper presented at the International Cognitive-Communications Disorders Conference, Orange, CA.
Gordon, J. K., Clough, S., & Khvalabov, N. (November 2019). Measuring fluency in aphasia. Paper presented at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention, Orlando, FL.
Departmental
Clough, S., Brown-Schmidt, S., Padilla, V. G., & Duff, M. C. (April 2023). Co-speech gesture integration in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. Poster presentation at Vanderbilt University, Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Nashville, TN.
Clough, S. (April 2022). How do people with TBI perceive emoji? A preview of hierarchical clustering and bag-of-words approaches to modeling data. Oral presentation at Vanderbilt University Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences Research Colloquium, Nashville, TN.
Clough, S., Morrow, E., Mutlu, B., Turkstra, L., & Duff, M. C. (April 2022). Perception of emoji after traumatic brain injury. Poster presentation at Vanderbilt University, Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Nashville, TN.
Clough, S., Hilverman, C., Brown-Schmidt, S., & Duff, M. C. (June 2021). Less talk, more action: Visibility increases gesture use in collaborative Lego build task. Poster presentation at Vanderbilt University, Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences, Nashville, TN.
Clough, S. (November 2020). A comparative approach: Using multi-level modeling and cluster-robust standard errors for small samples. Oral presentation at Vanderbilt University Department of Hearing & Speech Sciences Research Colloquium, Nashville, TN.
Clough, S. (September 2017). Co-Speech Gesture Integration in Hippocampal Amnesia. Paper presented at the University of Iowa CSD Proseminar, Iowa City, IA.
Teaching Experience
Guest Lectures
Clough, S., (2022) Introduction to R for Statistics. Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University.
Clough, S., (2022) What Gesture Tells Us About Language After Brain Injury. Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota.
Clough, S., (2021) Introduction to R for Statistics. Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University.
Clough, S., (2021). Assessing Fluency in Aphasia. Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, University of Minnesota.
Courses
Co-Instructor: Vanderbilt University, Hearing and Speech Sciences, Summer 2022
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HRSP 8388 Independent Study: Digital Tools for Research Dissemination
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Faculty co-instructor: Robin Jones, PhD
Graduate Teaching Assistant: Vanderbilt University, Hearing and Speech Sciences, Spring 2022
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SLP 5317: Traumatic Brain Injury
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Primary Instructor: Michael de Riesthal, PhD
Graduate Teaching Assistant: University of Iowa, Aging and Longevity Studies, Fall 2017
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ASP 1800: Aging Matters: Intro to Gerontology
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Primary Instructor: Jean K. Gordon, PhD
Graduate Teaching Assistant: University of Iowa, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Fall 2016
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CSD 2111: Basic Acoustics for Speech and Hearing Sciences
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Primary Instructor: Ingo R. Titze, PhD
Service to Profession
Ad Hoc Reviewer
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research,
Memory and Cognition
Aphasiology
International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
Cortex
Neuropsychologia
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
Journal of Neuropsychology
Institutional Leadership and Service
Vanderbilt University Dept. of Hearing & Speech Sciences Social Media Chair, 2021 – 2023
Nashville Chatper, Graduate Women in Science
President, 2022 – 2023
Secretary, 2021 – 2022
Aphasia Group of Middle Tennessee, Music & Arts Program, Art Facilitator, 2021 – 2022
University of Iowa Chapter, National Student Speech and Language Hearing Association
President, 2017
Philanthropy Chair, 2016
Professional Membership
International Society for Gesture Studies, 2022 – present
Nashville Graduate Women in Science, 2019 – present
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2019 – present
Society for the Neurobiology of Language, 2020
Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders & Sciences, 2018 – 2020
Iowa Speech-Language Hearing Association, 2018-2019
National Student Speech and Language Hearing Association Member, 2017 – 2018
Professional Development
Trends in the Cognitive Neuroscience of Language, 2022
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Radboud Summer School, Certificate of completion
ASHA Mentoring Academic-Research Careers (MARC), 2020 – 2021
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Mentor: Brielle Stark, PhD